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ADDRESS 



ON 



THE SEAL OF THE SOCIETY 

January 28, 1908 



BY 



MARY ISABELLA GOZZALDI 



[Reprinted from Proceedings of The Cambridge 
Historical Society, III] 



1^ 



THE SEAL OF THE SOCIETY 

Those of us who are charter members will remember that at the 
first meeting of the Cambridge Historical Society, held in the old 
Brattle House, June 17, 1905, it was proposed that the seal of 
the Society should show the Washington Elm. There was some 
objection to this, not that any one doubted the claims of the vener- 
able tree to fame, but it seemed more fitting that the seal of the 
Society should embody the history of the town, and carry us back 



6 THE CAMBRIDGE HISTORICAL SOCIETY [Jan. 

to a time when the elm was a mere sapling, if indeed it had sprung 
from a seed. 

Several designs were proposed, but finally one was adopted that 
seems most appropriate, uniting as it does the powers that have 
made the history of Cambridge, — the Church, the College, and the 
Press. The seventh article of the By-laws reads as follows : " The 
Seal of the Society shall be : Within a circle bearing the name of 
the Society and the date, 1905, a shield bearing a representation of 
the Day Printing Press and crest of two books surmounted by a 
Greek lamp, with a representation of Massachusetts Hall on the 
dexter and a representation of the fourth meeting-house of the First 
Church in Cambridge on the sinister, and, underneath, a scroll 
bearing the words Scrvpta Manent.'^ To-night I wish to speak 
to you of some of those men and women who long ago trod the 
streets of Cambridge, of whom I hope in future your seal will re- 
mind you. 

I had begun to make some researches in England regarding some 
of these early settlers when the Club of Odd Volumes brought out 
Mr. George Emery Littlefield's exhaustive treatise on " The Early 
Massachusetts Press, 1638-1711," In that I found the answer to 
most of my queries ; but as the book is not easily accessible, I hope 
you who have read it will pardon my quoting freely from it, and 
hereby I acknowledge my great indebtedness to Mr. Littlefield. 

I will begin with the centre of the Seal, the so-called " Day 
Press." " One soweth and another reapeth. Other men labored 
and ye are entered into their labors," are the words of Holy Writ 
that come to us when we think of the Rev. Jose Glover. We do 
not know how many a broad stone he laid in the foundation of the 
Massachusetts Bay Colony and of Harvard College. It would be 
difficult to prove all our indebtness to him, but he is a man who 
should not be forgotten when Cambridge and Harvard College 
count up their benefactors. 

Rev. Jose Glover was the son of Roger Glover of Bowcott, Berks, 
and his wife Susan, daughter of Robert Goodwin, a rich citizen and 
Salter of London. Roger Glover was a West Indian merchant 
and owned ships ; at the time of his death he possessed a large 
estate. One of his residences was the Manor of Ratcliffe, on the 
Thames River opposite the Pool, in the parish of Stepney. Tlie 



1908.] THE SEAL OF THE SOCIETY 7 

little village of three hundred years ago is now swallowed up by the 
great docks. Here, within sound of Bow bells, Jose Glover is said 
to have been born. There were nine children, Jose being the eld- 
est son; two daughters were older and two younger; the eldest 
daughter married Robert Pemberton of St. Albans, son of Roger 
Pemberton, who was the uncle and godfatiier of Roger Williams ; 
Sarah, the youngest daughter, married Francis Collins after her 
father's death. The second son, John, was a barrister and inherited 
Ratcliffe Manor ; the three younger sons, Roger, Richard, and Ralph, 
each in turn received a commeiical education at the Merchant 
Taylors' School, and all were traders to the West Indies, carrying 
on their father's business. The name Jose seems to have been a 
stumbling-block to many who insist on writing Joseph or Jesse. 
In his will Mr. Glover spelled his name Jose. My idea is that he 
was named for one of his father's Dutch friends. The name is 
found in Holland at this time so spelled, and doubtless was brought 
there by the Spaniards, whose form of Joseph is Jose. 

Jose Glover was sent to Cambridge University, but as the records 
at that time were not kept there as at Oxford, we do not know the 
name of his college. He was the fellow-student of many of the 
noted ministers who later came to New England. Nine graduates 
of Cambridge who had held livings in England were in charge of 
New England churches before 1G35. In 1624 Rev. Mr. Glover was 
settled at Sutton, Suffolk, about five miles southwest of Croydon, 
now swallowed up in greater London. Before he received the 
benefice the young rector had married Sarah Owfield, daughter of 
Roger and Thomasine (More) Owfield. Mr. Owfield was a citizen 
of London and a member of the Fishmongers' Guild. At his death 
in 1608 he left an estate of more than X 15,000, so Sarah must have 
been quite an heiress. Katherine Owfield, her cousin, married 
Col. George Fleetwood, one of the regicides, who is said to have 
died in America; and Mrs. Glover's brother was Sir Samuel 
Owfield, one of Cromwell's lords. Rev. Jose Glover had three 
children by this marriage, — Roger, born at Sutton in 1623, Eliza- 
beth, and Sarah ; and in 1628 Mrs. Glover, aged thirty, died. On 
the west wall of the present church of St. Nicholas, Sutton, is a slab 
of gray marble flanked by carved pilasters, with a moulded cornice 
above and below. Upon the upper cornice is a semicircular pedi- 



8 THE CAMBRIDGE HISTORICAL SOCIETY [Jan. 

ment containing figures of Mrs. Glover and her three children, the 
eldest five years old. On either side is a small obelisk carrying 
the coat of arms, and over the pediment is a circular panel contain- 
ing the impaled arms of the lady and her husband. All of the 
monument is of wliite marble except the inscription slab, which is 
of gray Bethesden marble. I have here a rubbing of the inscrip- 
tion, which I present to the Cambridge Historical Society. I wish 
I could show you a portrait of the lady whose wealth doubtless 
lielped to bring the first printing-press to America, but in lieu of 
that I will read the pen-picture drawn by her sorrowing husband 
and recorded on this marble tablet. The inscription reads : 

DEATH TO MEE IS GAYNE 
HERE VNDER LYETH INTERRED 
THE CORPS OF THAT VERTVOVS & 
RELIGEOVS GENTLEWOMAN AND 
SERVANT OF GOD MRIS SARAH GLOVER 
ONE OF THE DAVGHTERS OF MR. 
ROGER OWFELD CITIZEN AND 
FISHMONGER OF LONDON LATE 
WIFE OF MR lOS. GLOVER & RECTOR 
OF SUTTON BY WHOM SHE HAD 3 
CHILDREN VIZ ROGER ELIZ 
SARAH SHE DIED THE lOTH OF lULY 
1628 AT HER AGE OF 30 YEARES 
IN MEMRY OF WHOME HER SAID 
HUSBAND HATH CAVSED THIS 
MONVMENT TO BE ERECTED 
24 May An Dom 1629. 

This monument presents unto your View 
A woman rare, in whome all grace diuine, 
Faith, Loue, Zeale, piety, in Splendid hue, 
With sacred Knowledge, perfectly did shine. 
Since then examples teach, learne you by this 
To mount the stepps of euerlasting blisse. 

Like many another sorrowing husband, Mr. Glover paid his wife 
the compliment of very soon giving her a successor. His second 
wife was Elizabeth Harris, daughter of the Rev. Nathaniel Harris 
and granddaughter of the Rev. Richard Harris of Padbury, near 



1908.] THE SEAL OF THE SOCIETY 9 

Oxford. The father of the second Mrs. Glover graduated at New 
College, Oxford, in 1586, was made D. C. L. in 1612, was Rector of 
Langton, Oxfordshire, of Inkeborrow, Worcestershire, and Canon of 
Hereford. He was Rector of Rleechingly when he died in 1635, and 
in early hfe had been chaplain to Lord EUesmere. Mrs. Glover's 
uncle. Rev. Richard Harris, was a graduate of New College, Oxford, 
where he held many preferments, being Regius Professor of Greek, 
1619-1622. About the time of her marriage he became Warden of 
Winchester College, where he died in 1658. Mrs. Glover had two 
brothers, — Edward Harris, who graduated at Brasenose College, 
Oxford, in 1621, and became a barrister of the Inner Temple ; and 
Richard Harris, the youngest of the family, who graduated at New 
College, Oxford, in 1640, and became one of the first tutors of Har- 
vard College. Rev. Jose Glover had two children by this second 
marriage, Priscilla and John. 

We thus see that Rev. Mr. Glover had a wide and varied con- 
nection through his fatlier, his three younger brothers, and his first 
wife's family with the rich merchants and traders, through his 
brother and brother-in-law with the legal profession, and through 
his second wife's family with those prominent in the church and in 
educational work. Possessed of an ample fortune and rector of an 
important parish, he was eminently fitted to bring the needs of the 
Infant Colony and College to the knowledge of many men of in- 
fluence in different spheres of life. 

Rev. Jose Glover was a member of the Massachusetts Bay Com- 
pany in New England, having subscribed X50. Associated with 
him, and subscribhig the same sum, were his brother-in-law Joseph 
Owfield, and Richard Davis, whom he styles in his will " my 
ancient friend." 

It is probable that Mr. Glover had imbibed Puritan doctrines at 
Cambridge, but the first intimation that we have of his views is 
obtained from the petition of Edward Darcey, who held the pres- 
entation to the living of Sutton, to the Archbishop of Canterbury. 
This document, dated December 12, 1634, declares that Rev. Jose 
Glover "' refused to publish the Book of Sports," and that he, Ed- 
ward Darcey, Esq., " did in his desire to have due obedience given 
to the royall comannde of his sacred JNIatie cause the same booke 
to bee published in the said Church by a neighbo' minister." This 



10 THE CAMBRIDGE HISTORICAL SOCIETY [Jan. 

book was written by King James tlie First in 1618, and declared 
that it was the king's pleasure that " no lawful recreation should be 
debarred to his good people, which did not tend to the breach of 
the laws of his kingdom and the canons of the Church." 

The contents of this book was ordered to be read in the churches, 
but the command was not enforced until, in 1633, Charles the First 
ordered that the book should be read in all the parish churches. 
This excited the indignation of the Puritans and greatly contrib- 
uted to the downfall of the monarchy. In 1649 the Long Parliament 
called in all copies of the Book of Sports and ordered them burned. 
Rev. Mr. Glover was now suspended from his duties as Rector of 
Sutton. Mr. Darcey hoped that he would conform and be restored 
to the parish as rector. Mr. Glover held it under consideration 
and turned his thoughts to New England. 

It is now pretty well proved that Mr. Glover made his first voy- 
age to this country in the spring before this petition was presented 
to the Archbishop. We know that he was in London on March 13, 
1634, when he witnessed the will of Francis Drake of Esher, Sur- 
rey, who died March 17, leaving to "John Drake, my cousin 
William Drake's son £20 to be sent to him in New England and to 
Joanna Hooker, who is now in New England, <£30, at her mar- 
riage." This was probably the daughter of Rev. Thomas Hooker, 
minister of the First Church in Cambridge, who married Rev. 
Thomas Shepard, her father's successor, in 1637. 

Rev. Jose Glover was part owner of the " Planter " of London, 
and it is thought that he sailed in this vessel April 7, 1634. Stores 
purchased by Mr. John Humphrey were on board, and it is believed 
that he and his wife, Lady Susan, daughter of the Earl of Lincoln, 
were passengers on this voyage. The " Planter " arrived in Boston 
in June, 1634. 

As an adventurer of £50 in the common stock of the Colony, 
Rev. Jose Glover was entitled to a house lot of half an acre and a 
farm of two hundred acres. If he applied, and these lands were not 
granted to him within ten days of his landing, he was at liberty to 
select land from that not appropriated. Mr. Glover's house lot 
was on the north corner of the present Court and Washington 
Streets, where the Ames Building stands. He also had three acres 
of land fronting on Cambridge Street, between West Cedar and 



1908.] THE SEAL OF THE SOCIETY H 

Charles Streets. No record of grants was made in Boston until 
1645. The General Court had ordered such records to be kept as 
early a^ March, 1635, but only one town (Cambridge) had com- 
plied with the order. " The Proprietor's Book of Newe Towne " 
was handed in to the court October 27, 1636. 

It is probable that Mr. Glover began to build immediately on his 
Washington Street lot. He was a legal inhabitant of Boston at this 
time, for only such shared in the allotment of land at Rumney Marsh 
(Chelsea) and Pullen Point (Winthrop). To Mr. Glover was granted 
" nyne and fortie acres of land at Rumney Marsh, which his widow 
sold in 1639 to John Newgate." Mr. Glover also bought the wind- 
mill at Lynn of his fellow passenger, John Humphrey. 

How long Mr. Glover remained here is not known. He must 
have found many old friends and Cambridge fellow students among 
the settlers here. Roger Williams, own cousin of his brother-in- 
law, who had been supplying the Plymouth pulpit for three years, 
returned to Salem not long before Mr. Glover's arrival, and Wins- 
low offered the pastorate of the Plymouth Church to Mr. Glover. 
He declined this, for all his interests were in the Massachusetts 
Bay Colony, and though a non-Conformist he was not a separatist. 
It is surmised that the presidency of the new College at Newe 
Towne (Cambridge) was also offered to him, but of that no proof 
has yet been found. He had definitely given up the rectorship of 
Sutton, for, June 10, 1636, his successor was inducted there. 

Mr. Glover was now free to work for the Colony and for the 
education of the youth here. He was eminently fitted for the 
work. He returned to England, and went about preaching and 
speaking in various counties. He was a convincing preacher, as 
we learn from at least two persons who attribute their conversion 
to his words. How many were influenced to send money to the 
new College we do not know, but we do know that he collected 
£50 for a font of type, as he saw what an important help a print- 
ing-press would be. With his own money he bought a second- 
hand press, and, in June, 1648, he entered into a contract with 
Stephen Day i of Cambridge, England, locksmith, to embark with 

1 Stephen Day spelled his name without the final e, as may be seen in the 
majority of the documents sigued by him, so I have retained that form though 
it is usual now to spell it Daye. 



12 THE CAMBRIDGE HISTORICAL SOCIETY [Jan. 

his family on the " John " of London, for New England, there to 
exercise his trade. The family consisted of Mr. Day, his wife, two 
minor sons, Stephen, Jr., and Matthew, Mrs. Day's son by a former 
marriage, WiUiam Bordman, and three men-servants. The pas- 
sage money, £44, was paid by Mr. Glover, who also provided 
Day with kettles and iron tools to the value of £1; all of 
which was to be repaid within " Twenty and fower monthes next 
after the arrivall of said Stephen Day, the father, in New England 
aforesaid. Or within Thirty dales next after the decease of the 
said Stephen Day." This would be the date at which both the sons 
of Stephen Day would be of age and their father would have no 
more control over them. It is thought that the sons had been ap- 
prenticed to a printer and knew the trade. Stephen Day the elder 
was only a locksmith, but might be useful in setting up the press, 
which probably Mr. Glover intended to manage with the help of 
the lads, while Stephen, Senior, prospected for iron and opened up 
that industry, a business in which he was later engaged. 

All arrangements being made, the Glover family, consisting of 
Rev. Jose Glover, his wife, Roger, Elizabeth, and Sarah, children of 
his first marriage, and John and Priscilla, the children of the second 
wife, John Stedman his faithful steward, various servants, and the 
Day party, eight persons, embarked on the " John " and sailed 
from London late in July, 1638. On tlie voyage Mr. Glover fell ill, 
probably of the smallpox, and died. He had made his will on the 
16th of May of this same year. His friend Richard Davis and 
Rev. John Harris, warden of Winchester College, his wife's uncle, 
were the executors. It is believed that before sailing Mr. Glover 
had purchased the house of Gov. John Haynes, which stood in 
Cambridge, facing what was then called the Market Place, now 
Winthrop Square. It is the only house mentioned in " The Proprie- 
tor's Record " as having a court. It was doubtless built with two 
wings stretching westward and enclosing a court-yard, such as was 
common at that time in England, and was like the house which 
Governor Haynes afterwards built in Connecticut. It was at that 
time by far the finest house in Cambridge, and in the " John " 
came plentiful furnishings for the house. 

In the College Library are the papers used in the suit between 
Dunster and the Glover heirs, and among these we have two affi- 



1908.] THE SEAL OF THE SOCIETY 13 

davits from maids of Mrs. Glover describing the splendors of the 
house. " Eleven down beds there were," says one, " all well fitted 
and furnished for use, one of them having phlox and Cherry Curtains, 
ingrain, with a Deep Silk Fringe on the Vallance and a smaller on 
the Curtains, and a Coverlett suitable to it made of Red Kersey 
and barred with a green lace round the sides and two down the 
middle. Also there appertained to that bed an outlining quilt, also 
to another a blew serge suit, very rich and costly curtains and val- 
lances, laced and fringed, and a blew Rug to the bed." " There waa 
also a Greene Suit in the same manner, also another Red wrought 
suit with a Stoole and all things complete. Also a Canopy bed 
with curtains, a chest of Drawers of which one of that chest 
was full of fine Linnen, a Damask Suite, several Diaper Suites, a 
fine yellow Rug with a starr and with abundance of flaxen Linnen 
for common use. In another part of the Chest of Drawes tapes and 
tafetys for Screens and Shades." " Tliere w^ere Damask and Hol- 
land table cloths, napkins and side cloths and 3 sorts of Hangings, 
one of tapestry, and fringed hangings." There was brass and 
pewter in abundance and silver plate, " a Greate Wine Bowl and a 
Greate Sugar Dish and Chaffin Dish, beside those that were used 
in the Court." " A very fair salt with three full knobs on top of 
it, 3 other silver Pitchers of lessor sorts, a great silver Tankard 
with 4 mugs to stand on the table quite fine, 6 porringers one 
small and 3 greate bowles, 4 mugs and a pot, a silver Grater with a 
cover on it, 6 plain Trenchers, plate, also Blanketts and Coverletts 
and Rugs, usually employed to furnish so many beds." 

Stephen Day, who saw this silver set out in the Haynes house, 
estimates it to be worth in England X200 or more, and mentions 
in addition " a very faire and large silver bason and Ewer and a 
great quantity of spoons." 

The Glover family being now established in Cambridge, Mrs. 
Glover bought of James Luxford the house on the west side of 
Crooked Street, now Holyoke, where later the first grammar school 
was built, and there the Days lived, and IMr. Littlefield says the 
first printing-office in this country was established. 

It seems strange that in the flood of historical stories that we 
have had these last years this coming of the first printing-press 
should have been overlooked, for there is much of romance 



14 THE CAMBRIDGE HISTORICAL SOCIETY [Jan. 

about it. We can well picture to ourselves some of those who met 
the sorrowing party on their landing. Of the fifty Cambridge 
graduates who at this time held parishes in or near Boston many 
must have been personal friends of Mr. Glover, and some at least, 
knowing of his expected arrival, would be ready to welcome him 
and his family ; then those who were interested in the College now 
established at Cambridge must have been anxious to see Mr. 
Glover and learn what success he had had in England in his work 
of collecting money for the College. Rev. Thomas Shepard would 
certainly be there ; since Mr. Glover's former visit he had married 
Joanna Hooker. His half-brother, Samuel Shepard, with his young 
wife would not be waniting, for to him had been committed the 
care of the college buildings and Roger Harlakenden, then living in 
Governor Dudley's house, young, and so eager and full of interest in 
all that concerned Harvard and Cambridge, so soon himself to fall 
a victim to the dreaded smallpox ; and Nathaniel Eaton, who was 
to have the care of the students for one year more. All these and 
many others must have welcomed the mourning party as they 
made their entry into Cambridge. 

In his will, which was proved in London the following December, 
Rev. Jose Glover says : " It is my will and pleasure that my deare 
and loving wife, whom I have ever found very faythful unto me 
should enjoy all my estate in Lands and chatties and goods both in 
New England, likewise all my estate in Old England during her 
life. And it is my will that she shall at her charge maintaine and 
liberally educate all my children." Mrs. Glover seems to have been 
capable of managing the affairs and caring for the children, but the 
responsibility was great, the oldest child being only in his fifteenth 
year. 

In 1640 Richard Harris, Mrs. Glover's younger brother, took his 
degree of B. A. at New College, Oxford, for which he had been 
fitted at Winchester College under the care of his uncle, John 
Harris, the warden. The summer after taking his degree he came 
to America, probably in the ship that brought over Henry Dunster; 
together tliey came to Cambridge, where from that time Mr. Harris 
made his home with his sister. The College was now without a 
head. Rev. Nathaniel Eaton, after having administered a beating 
to his usher, Mr. Bristoe, had fled, and Rev. Mr. Shepard and Mr. 



1908.] THE SEAL OF THE SOCIETY 15 

Elijah Corlet m^y have been trying to instruct the youth, but a 
competent man, who could give his whole time to the College, was 
needed. Mr. Dunster was the elder of the two new arrivals ; born 
in 1609, he was now a httle over thirty, had taken his B. A. at 
Magdalen College, Cambridge, in 1630, and his M. A. in 1634. It 
is not known that he had had any parish in England. He had been 
in the country only three weeks when, on August 27,1640, " About 
ten magistrates and sixteen elders called him to be president of the 
College." Beside the instructing of the youths he had to superin- 
tend the preparation of their food, beg money to keep them, and 
attend to all the minor duties of the College. At that time the 
New College had been begun, the walls only were finished, and Mr. 
Hugh Peter and Samuel Shepard, who had the charge of the build- 
ing,'' had gone to England, so Mr. Dunster had to finish it.^ Mr. 
Richard Harris was appointed tutor, and for him a Chamber in the 
New Hall was finished at a cost to the College of X5. 19s. lid. It 
was double the size of any other chamber, and was the most luxu- 
rious. It was " sieled with Cedar round about," contained a chim- 
ney, was boarded all around with pine, i. e. wainscoted, had glass in 
the sashes, and was furnished with a form and table. Mr. Richard 
Harris died in 1644, bequeathing the so-called " Great Salt " to 
Harvard College. It had belonged to his father. Rev. Nathaniel 
• Harris, Canon of Hereford, and had been brought to this country 
by his sister, Mrs. Glover. It bears on the upper side of the rim 
the initial G, and below, I and E, which stands for Glover, lose 
and Ehzabeth. On the lower part is the inscription, " The gift of 
Mr. Richard Harris of Cambridge, 1644," placed there at a later 
date 1 Mr. Harris lived in the New Hall but was a member of his 
sisters family until her death. He died August 24, 1644, and is 
buried in the old burying-ground on Garden Street, but no me- 
Biorial of him is there to be seen. 

Rev. Henry Dunster had not been president of the College a year 
when, on June 22, 1641, he married the widow of the Rev. Jose 
Glover and went to live in the Haynes House. Mrs. Glover was 
not strong and only survived her second marriage two years and 

1 By Mr. Thaddeus William Harris, with the approval of President Edward 
Everett, Mr. Harris having taken pains to look up the history of this and other 
pieces of old silver belonging to the College. 



16 THE CAMBRIDGE HISTORICAL SOCIETY [Jan. 

two months, dying in August, 1643. Mr. Dunster now had the 
care of the five children. Roger went to England and was slain at 
the taking of Edinburgh Castle in 1650. Elizabeth lived seven 
months in the home after her step-mother's death and then married 
Mr. Adam Winthrop, the son of the Governor, a young man of 
twenty-four; she lived with him seven years, dying in 1648, leaving 
one child, Adam. About the time of her death her own sister, 
Sarah Glover, married a younger son of the Governor, Mr. Deane 
Winthrop ; they lived at PuUen Point, now called Winthrop, in the 
house that is still standing. They had nine childen ; the sons all 
died young except Jose, who lived to be thirty-six, dying in 1702 
without issue. There were five daughters, four of whom married ; 
the youngest was the wife of Atherton Haugh. 

Of the second Mrs. Glover's children, John, graduated in 1650 
at Harvard, went to England and took his degree as M. D. at 
Aberdeen, where he died unmarried about 1668, having made much 
trouble for his step-father, President Dunster, regarding the settle- 
ment of the involved estate. Priscilla, the youngest child of the 
Rev. Jose Glover, married Capt. John Appleton of Ipswich. She 
died February 18, 1697, aged sixt3^-three. Her son John Appleton 
married before her death, 1680, Elizabeth Rogers, daughter of John 
Rogers of Ipswich, President of Harvard College ; her grand- 
daughter Margaret married in 1725 Rev. Edward Holyoke of 
Marblehead, President of Harvard ; her grandson, Rev. Nathaniel 
Appleton, was pastor of the First Church in Cambridge for more 
than sixty-six years, and many of his descendants married into 
Cambridge families and were well known here. 

That the Colony felt greatly indebted to Mr. Glover is sliown by 
the fact that in 1639 the General Court granted to his widow six 
hundred acres of land, no one receiving so much except Rev. John 
Wilson, pastor of Boston. 

In 1644 Mr. Dunster married again and the following year he 
moved into the President's house, that he had built with money 
begged from his friends. This stood where Massachusetts Hall 
now stands ; and here came the printing-press, to be under the eye 
of the President. The house on Holyoke Street had been sold, 
but Mr. Dunster afterwards bought it back, and the Faire Grammar 
School was built there. JNlatthew Day was still in charge of the 



1908.] THE SEAL OF THE SOCIETY 17 

press, and here in the President's house were printed the " Proceed- 
ings between the Narrowgansetts and English," Samuel Danforth's 
Almanac in 1646, and the " Almanac of Mr. William Pierce, mari- 
ner." Then the second edition of the " Bay Psalm Book," the 
" Commencement Theses " and the " Book of Lawes." In May, 
1649, Matthew Day died, leaving the house on the corner of Harvard 
Square and Dunster Street, now marked by a tablet, to his mother. 
His father lived there until 1668. He also left three-quarters of 
the Fellow's Orchard to Harvard College, of which he had been 
steward, his looking-glass to John Glover, then a senior in College, 
and to the two little children of President Dunster by the second 
marriage a silver spoon each. Samuel Green, at that time thirty- 
five years old, succeeded Matthew Day as printer. 

The press remained in the President's house until he left Cam- 
bridge. Up to this time a certain amount of the profits of the press 
went to the College, because the font of type was its property ; the 
rest went to the Glover heirs. The second president, Rev. Charles 
Chauncey, had a large family, and he asked to have the press re- 
moved. A print-house had been begun but was never completed, 
as the money came in so slowly ; the College that had been built for 
the Indians, about where Matthews Hall now stands, was deserted, 
and it is probable that the press, that was now principally used in 
printing Eliot's Bible and his translations into the Indian tongue, 
was removed to the Indian College. In 1658 Mr. Hezekiah Usher 
bought a much better press and type in England, with money 
provided by the College, and both were placed under the charge of 
Mr. Samuel Green. The last of Mr. Eliot's translations printed 
in his lifetime was Rev. Mr. Shepard's " Sincere Convert," in 1689, 
and the last Indian book printed in Cambridge was John Cotton's 
" Spiritual Milk for American Babes," in 1691. 

July 9, 1680, Messrs. Jasper Danker and Peter Sluyter visited 
Harvard College, and they record: "We passed by the printing- 
office, but there was nobody in it. The paper sash however being 
broken we looked in and saw the two presses with six or eight 
cases of type. There is not much work done there. Our printing 
office is well worth two of it and even more." This is the last 
account we have of the old press from an eye-witness. Glover's 
press, second-hand when he bought it, had been used here for fifty- 

2 



18 THE CAMBRIDGE HISTORICAL SOCIETY [Jan. 

four years; meanwhile there had been many improvements in 
presses, so probably when the Indian College was pulled down the 
venerable press was sold for old iron.^ 

By 1718 President Dunster's house had been pulled down to 
make way for Massachusetts Hall. The Cxreat and General Court 
had granted X3,500 towards the erection of this building, and as 
we see it now on our seal it has stood for nearly one hundred and 
ninety years. It was used first as a dormitory, later, flooring and 
partitions being removed, as recitation rooms ; now, on Commence- 
ment days the President and officers of Harvard College await here 
the Governor and distinguished guests, and from its door the pro- 
cession starts for the Commencement exercises. Long may it 
stand, the oldest building of Harvard, standing on the site where 
once the first press in the United States printed the first American 
literature ! 

A little to the south of Massachusetts Hall was built the second 
meeting-house of the First Church in 1652. Here ministered the 
third pastor, Rev. Jonathan Mitchell, called The Matchless. From 
his house President Dunster had but few steps to go on that 
memorable Sunday, July 30, 1654, when the Spirit moved him to re- 
monstrate against the rite of infant baptism, an act that cost him his 
office and forced him to leave the Cambridge that he loved so much 
that on his death-bed he begged to he in the old God's Acre on 
Garden Street. Here also ministered the pious Mr. Nathaniel 
Gookin and the saintly William Brattle. In 1706 was erected the 
Third Meeting-house, where Rev. Nathaniel Appleton preached 
until 1756, when the Fourth Meeting-house, the one shown on our 
seal, was built, very near the site of its predecessors. In this his- 

1 There is an ancient printing-press in the possession of the Vermont 
Historical Society now in the State House at Montpelier, which is said to be 
the " Daye Press." It is thought that Samuel Green gave it to Timothy 
Green, who gave it to the Spooners, who went to Norwich, Conn., to establish 
a printing-office. They took it to the New Hampshire Grant, where it was 
used in 1777 to print the first book printed in Vermont; it passed through the 
hands of many Vermont printers, and was finally given to the Vermont Histori- 
cal Society by the newspaper men of the State. Those curious to know whether 
this is the original press brought to Cambridge by Mr. Glover are referred to 
two papers by General Rush E. Hawkins, entitled " The Daye Press," published 
in The Literary Collector, December, 1903, and March, 1904. 



1908.] SOME CAMBRIDGE MEN 19 

toric building the Provincial Congress, with John Hancock as 
president, met to elect a Committee of Safety, in 1774. Later the 
Congress met here again to watch the movements of the British 
troops. Here Washington and his officers attended public worship 
during the siege of Boston and listened to the preaching of the 
venerable Mr. Appleton. Here in 1779 the delegates from towns 
of Massachusetts met and framed the Constitution of the Common- 
wealth, that was ratified in 1780. Here for over seventy years 
were held the Harvard Commencements and the inaugurations 
of the presidents and other solemn exercises. Here General La 
Fayette was welcomed by a grateful people in 1824. In 1833, 
just two hundred years after the first meeting-house was built m 
Cambridge, this historic building was pulled down. 

I think you will now agree with me that every part of our So- 
ciety Seal is suggestive. The printing-press, the only one in Amer- 
ica for thirty-five years ; the crest of two books, typifying the books 
written and books printed in Cambridge during nearly three cen- 
turies; the Greek lamp, sjanbolic of classical learning; the oldest 
collecre building now standing; and, lastly, the historic old meeting 
house, where for nearly eighty years town and gown met to praise 
Him who had carried our forefathers safe to New England. 



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